EU Machinery Regulation

Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 replaces Directive 2006/42/EC and applies from 20 January 2027, the date fixed by a corrigendum. Robots, assemblies of linked moving parts driven by motors, generally fit its definition of machinery, and compliance ends in CE marking.

Three changes matter for robots. Software that performs a safety function can be a safety component. Machinery whose safety functions rely on systems with self-evolving behavior using machine learning needs a third-party conformity assessment, not only the maker’s own. Their control systems must keep such machines within their defined task and movement space, and connected machinery must be protected against corruption, including through remote devices, which overlaps with the Cyber Resilience Act. Household appliances are excluded where electrical-safety or radio-equipment law covers them.

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