Home energy incentives by country: grants and tax breaks for heat pumps, solar and batteries

Every country on this page has at least one grant, tax deduction or loan for heat pumps; most also help with solar panels, and home batteries are mostly covered as part of a solar system. The schemes change often, usually with the year’s budget, and some 2027 rules are still to be decided: Italy’s 2027 budget bill, approved by the government on 28 October 2026, and the law that follows Germany’s renewable energy act after 2026 have not been passed yet. This page lists the schemes for families country by country, taken from the official text, with the date each one was checked.

Incentives change often. Every row was checked on its official page on 31 October 2026; check the official link again before you sign anything.

Italy

Scheme	What it pays for	Who can get it	How much	How to apply	Until	Official page
Home renovation deduction (detrazione per il recupero edilizio, “bonus casa”)	Renovation work, including solar panels and home batteries; heat pumps are also on the list	Taxpayers who pay for the work: owners, tenants, family members living in the home; the higher rate only for an owner, or holder of a right such as usufruct, on their main home	50% (main home, owner) or 36% (other cases) of up to 96,000 euro per home, taken off income tax in 10 equal yearly instalments	In the income tax return, paying by the bank transfer that names the law; for energy-saving work, a description to ENEA within 90 days	Rates for spending in 2026 (see the note on 2027)	Agenzia delle Entrate, guide of February 2026
Ecobonus (detrazione per la riqualificazione energetica)	Replacing the heating with a heat pump or a factory-built hybrid, heat pump water heaters, solar thermal panels, insulation, windows	Taxpayers who own the home or hold it with a valid title, tenants included; higher rate as above	50% or 36% in 10 yearly instalments; the deduction is capped at 30,000 euro per home for heat pumps and 60,000 euro for solar thermal	In the income tax return, paying by the bank transfer that names the law; a description to ENEA within 90 days of finishing	Rates for spending in 2026	Agenzia delle Entrate
Gas or oil boiler on its own	Replacing the heating with a single fossil-fuel boiler, condensing boilers included	Not available	No deduction	n/a	Closed for spending from 1 January 2025	Agenzia delle Entrate guide
Conto Termico 3.0 (grant)	For households in homes, only “Title III” works: heat pumps replacing the heating, factory-built hybrids and add-on heat pumps, biomass heaters, solar thermal, heat pump water heaters, connection to efficient district heating	Owners, or people who hold the home under another real or personal right, tenants included	Up to 65% of caps worked out from the system’s output and seasonal efficiency (SCOP); heat pump water heaters 40%, at most 500 or 1,500 euro. Up to 15,000 euro is paid in one instalment, larger amounts yearly (over 2 years for heat pumps up to 35 kW)	On the GSE Portaltermico within 90 days of finishing	No end date set; a yearly budget, paid while funds last	GSE
Energy community premium (tariffa premio)	Renewable electricity shared inside an energy community, a group of self-consumers in one building, or by a remote self-consumer; plants up to 1 MW under the same primary substation	Members of the configuration	For 20 years, a premium per MWh (1,000 kWh) of shared energy: 60 to 80 euro by plant size plus 0 to 40 euro depending on the market price, with a top-up for solar plants in central and northern Italy	The configuration’s referent applies to the GSE in its customer area	Requests until 30 days after 5 GW of incentivised power is reached, and no later than 31 December 2027	GSE, rates
PNRR grant for energy communities	Building renewable plants for energy communities and groups of self-consumers in municipalities under 50,000 inhabitants	Projects that applied in time	Up to 40% of eligible costs	Closed to new applications	Deadline was 30 November 2025; funded plants must be running by 31 December 2027	GSE
Ritiro dedicato (sale of exported power to the GSE)	Electricity your solar panels send to the grid	Owners of renewable plants (solar of any size); not compatible with net metering	The hourly zonal market price (GSE average for a renewable plant: 12.8 euro cents per kWh in January to March 2026, 11.5 in 2025), or, for renewable plants up to 1 MW without other incentives, a guaranteed minimum of 4.75 cents per kWh in 2026, topped up the next year if the market price was higher	A request to the GSE	No end date set	GSE
Scambio sul posto (net metering)	A credit for exported electricity against electricity bought later	No new plants	n/a	n/a	Closed: last requests by 26 September 2025, only for plants running by 29 May 2025; existing contracts are not renewed after 15 years	GSE
Reddito energetico (solar for low-income families)	A solar system of 2 to 6 kW on the family’s home, with 10 years of insurance, maintenance and monitoring	Families with an ISEE (the official household means test) below 15,000 euro, or 30,000 with at least four dependent children, who hold a right on the roof or area and live in the home	Up to 2,000 euro plus 1,500 euro per kW, paid by the GSE to the installer; not combinable with other public incentives; exported energy goes to the GSE for 20 years	The family and the installer apply together on the GSE portal, before the system goes into service	Calls for 2024 and 2025; the portal closes when funds run out, and the GSE may reopen it if at least 5 million euro become free; check the resource counter	GSE, amounts
Bonus sociale (help with bills)	An automatic discount on electricity, gas and water bills	Households with an ISEE up to 9,796 euro, or up to 20,000 euro with at least four dependent children; the contract must be in the name of someone in the household	Electricity in 2026: 146, 186.15 or 204.40 euro a year for households of 1 or 2, 3 or 4, or more than 4 people; the gas discount changes with the season and climate zone	Automatic once you file the declaration for an ISEE (DSU); file a new one every year	No end date set; given for 12 months after each declaration	ARERA requirements, amounts, how

2027 rates are not settled. The law in force (Law 199/2025, art. 1, c. 22) sets lower rates for spending in 2027: 36% for the owner’s main home and 30% in other cases. On 28 October 2026 the government approved the 2027 budget bill, whose press release says the renovation deductions are “confermate” for 2027 without giving rates. The 2027 budget law can change the rates from 1 January 2027; this page will give them once the law is in the Gazzetta Ufficiale.
New tax code from 2027. From 1 January 2027 these deductions move into the new income tax code (Legislative Decree 117/2026, articles 372 and 373) with the same rates.
High incomes. Since 2025, taxpayers with income over 75,000 euro have a ceiling on the deductible expenses (article 16-ter of the income tax code, explained in the Agenzia delle Entrate guide).
Conto Termico and solar panels. Some articles say private households can get the Conto Termico 3.0 for solar panels installed with a heat pump. The GSE’s own page says the opposite: Title II works, which include panels and batteries combined with a heat pump, are admitted for private owners only in tertiary buildings, not in homes.
The 2026 pause. The GSE suspended new Conto Termico requests on 3 March 2026, when requests had reached about 1.3 billion euro, and reopened the portal on 13 April 2026, for direct applications after the work is done.

Germany

Scheme	What it pays for	Who can get it	How much	How to apply	Until	Official page
KfW 458 heating grant (Heizungsförderung für Privatpersonen)	Heat pumps, solar thermal, biomass and fuel cell heating, connection to a building or district heat network, and under strict conditions hydrogen-ready heating; also planning and related work	Private owners of existing homes whose building application is at least five years old, including flats and owners’ associations; bonuses only for an owner-occupied main home	30% basic grant, plus 16% speed bonus for replacing a working oil, coal, gas storey (Gasetagenheizung) or night storage heater, or a gas or biomass heater at least 20 years old, plus an income bonus of 40%, 30% or 10% for taxable household income up to 30,000, 40,000 or 50,000 euro (10,000 euro more with a child); at most 80% of eligible costs up to 28,000 euro for the first home	A confirmation from an energy efficiency expert or specialist firm, a contract conditional on the grant, then an application on “Meine KfW” before work starts; finish within 36 months	No end date set; subject to the federal budget. Rules in force since 21 July 2026; from 1 February 2027 the cost cap falls by 750 euro and the speed bonus by 4 points every six months; no speed bonus for applications from 1 August 2028	KfW
BAFA single measures (BEG Einzelmaßnahmen)	Insulation, windows and doors, building services other than heating (ventilation, digital energy optimisation), and optimising an existing heating system	Existing buildings whose building application is at least five years old	15% of eligible costs, plus 5% with an individual renovation roadmap (iSFP) from 30,000 euro of cost for a single home; eligible costs up to 30,000 euro for the first home, 60,000 with the roadmap	Online, with an energy efficiency expert (or, for heating optimisation, a specialist firm)	No end date set	BAFA: insulation, building services, heating optimisation
Tax reduction for energy work (§ 35c EStG)	Insulation, windows, ventilation, a new heating system, digital systems that optimise energy use, optimising a heating system over two years old	Owners who live in their own building, if it is more than ten years old; work done by a specialist firm	20% of costs off income tax over three years (7%, 7%, 6%), at most 40,000 euro per property; 50% of the cost of an approved energy adviser	In the income tax return, with the certificate from the specialist firm	Work started after 31 December 2019 and finished before 1 January 2030	Income Tax Act, § 35c
Zero VAT on solar (§ 12 Abs. 3 UStG)	Supply and installation of solar panels, the components essential to run them, and batteries that store their power	Systems on or near homes; the condition counts as met up to 30 kWp gross in the official register (Marktstammdatenregister)	0% VAT instead of the standard rate	Nothing to file: the supply is taxed at 0%	No end date set	VAT Act, § 12
EEG feed-in tariff (Einspeisevergütung)	Solar electricity exported to the grid, systems up to 100 kW	Owners of new systems	For rooftop systems up to 10 kW commissioned from 1 August to 31 December 2026: 7.70 euro cents per kWh if you use part of the power yourself, 12.22 cents if you export all of it; paid for 20 years	Register the system in the Marktstammdatenregister within a month of commissioning and give the grid operator the billing details; the grid operator pays	Rates for systems commissioned by 31 December 2026	Bundesnetzagentur

New heating law. The Federal Law Gazette of 28 July 2026 renamed the Buildings Energy Act (GEG) as the Gebäudemodernisierungsgesetz (GModG), with further parts in force from 1 January 2027, 2028 and 2030. According to the federal government, the rule that a new heating system must run on at least 65% renewable energy no longer applies; owners choose the system, and from 2029 a mandatory bio share is to be blended, step by step, into the gas or oil used for heating.
Income bonus proof. Owner-occupiers who applied for the KfW income bonus under the July 2026 rules can send their proof from January 2027, according to KfW.
One or the other. § 35c cannot be used for work that also gets a public grant or a subsidised loan.
Feed-in after 2026. The Bundesnetzagentur says the current law (EEG 2023) applies until 31 December 2026 and its successor is before Parliament, so rates for systems commissioned in 2027 may differ.

France

Scheme	What it pays for	Who can get it	How much	How to apply	Until	Official page
MaPrimeRénov’ rénovation d’ampleur (major renovation)	A package of work that raises the home by at least two energy classes, with at least two jobs on the building envelope (walls, low floors, roof, windows), in homes rated E, F or G; energy audit before and after	Owner-occupiers (main home at least 15 years old, lived in for at least 3 years) and landlords (let for at least 6 years), in four income bands	80%, 60%, 45% or 10% of the cost before VAT, from the lowest to the highest income band, on up to 30,000 euro (two classes) or 40,000 euro (three or more); all aid together at most 100%, 90%, 80% or 50% of the cost including VAT	Appointment with a France Rénov’ adviser, then Mon Accompagnateur Rénov’	No end date set	Service-Public, France Rénov’
MaPrimeRénov’ par geste (single job)	In mainland France: air-to-water and geothermal heat pumps, connection to a heating or cooling network, removing an oil tank, an energy audit	Owner-occupiers and landlords with very modest, modest or intermediate incomes; home at least 2 years old for a heat pump; an RGE-certified installer	Air-to-water heat pump: 5,000, 4,000 or 3,000 euro, on up to 12,000 euro of cost; geothermal heat pump up to 11,000 euro; higher incomes get nothing in mainland France	Account on the MaPrimeRénov’ site, quote from an RGE installer; start only after the Anah acknowledgement	No end date set	Service-Public
CEE Coup de pouce Chauffage	Replacing a coal, oil or gas boiler with a heat pump (air-to-water or ground source), a biomass boiler, a combined solar system or a heat network connection	All households, for their main home; more for modest incomes	Set by each company that signed the charter, mostly energy suppliers; since 1 January 2026 there are no minimum amounts, and a heat pump replacing a boiler earns five times the standard energy-saving certificates	Accept the signatory’s offer before signing the quote	No end date set on the ministry page	Ministry of Ecological Transition
Éco-PTZ (zero-interest loan)	Energy renovation work	Owner-occupiers and landlords; main residence more than 2 years old	From 7,000 euro (windows only) to 30,000 euro for three or more jobs, up to 50,000 euro for a whole-home renovation; repaid over up to 15 or 20 years depending on the works	Through a bank or lender that signed an agreement with the State	No end date set on the official page; a second, complementary loan can be requested until 31 December 2027	Service-Public
Purchase tariff for solar surplus (obligation d’achat)	Solar electricity a rooftop system exports to the grid, net of what you use	Rooftop systems up to 100 kWc in mainland France (larger ones go through tenders); up to 9 kWc only in “vente avec injection du surplus” (you use part, sell the rest)	1.1 euro cents per kWh before VAT, rising 2% a year on each contract anniversary; exports above the system’s power times 1,600 hours a year are not paid at this tariff	Connection request to Enedis	In force since 5 June 2026; no end date set	Légifrance, article 8, arrêté of 1 June 2026
5.5% VAT on home solar	Supply and installation of solar panels up to 9 kWc	Homes, if the panels have a low carbon footprint (under 530 kg CO2 eq per kWc) and the other listed conditions are met, including an energy management system; otherwise 10%	5.5% VAT	Charged by the installer on the bill when the conditions are met	Since 1 October 2025; no end date set	Service-Public

Since 1 September 2026, MaPrimeRénov’ rénovation d’ampleur is no longer granted for a house that keeps gas heating after the work, and no longer pays for a heat pump with an oil or gas backup (hybrid).
Income bands. For a household of two outside Île-de-France, the 2025 reference tax income (revenu fiscal de référence) limits for applications in 2026 are 25,393 euro (very modest), 32,553 euro (modest) and 45,842 euro (intermediate); above that, the household counts as higher income.
Solar investment premium. Readers still search for the “prime à l’autoconsommation”, 80 euro per kWc under the rules of March 2025. The CRE opinion of 29 April 2026 on the draft of the June 2026 arrêté says the draft removes the investment premium, and the Service-Public page on solar panels was last checked by its authors on 1 October 2025. Ask the installer to show in writing which premium and tariff apply on the date of your connection request.

Spain

Scheme	What it pays for	Who can get it	How much	How to apply	Until	Official page
Income tax deduction, 20% (IRPF)	Work that cuts the home’s heating and cooling demand by at least 7%, shown by energy certificates before and after	Owners, for their main home or a home let out (or offered for rent and let before 31 December 2027)	20% of the amount paid, on up to 5,000 euro a year	In the IRPF return, with the energy certificates before and after	Work until 31 December 2026; certificate issued before 1 January 2027	Agencia Tributaria
Income tax deduction, 40% (IRPF)	Work that cuts non-renewable primary energy use by at least 30%, or reaches energy class A or B	As above	40% of the amount paid, on up to 7,500 euro a year	As above	Work until 31 December 2026; certificate before 1 January 2027	Agencia Tributaria, conditions
Income tax deduction, 60% (IRPF)	The same result for a whole building used mainly as housing, for example work paid by the owners’ community	Owners of homes in the building, for their share	60% of the amount paid, on up to 5,000 euro a year and 15,000 euro in total	As above	Work until 31 December 2027; certificate before 1 January 2028	Agencia Tributaria
New deduction for self-consumption (IRPF, 2026)	Renewable electricity systems for self-consumption, batteries included: equipment, installation and necessary work	Owners, for a property they own; not for systems used in a business	10% of the amount paid, or 20% for homes in buildings used mainly as housing, on up to 5,000 euro	In the IRPF return for 2026, with the electrical installation certificate (CIE)	The system must be installed, finished and paid for in 2026	Agencia Tributaria
Regional grants for self-consumption, storage and renewable heating (PRTR, Royal Decree 477/2021)	Solar for self-consumption, batteries and renewable heating in homes, run by each autonomous community	Households, through their region	Set by the decree and each regional call	n/a	Closed: applications until 31 December 2023	IDAE
Property tax discount (bonificación del IBI)	Buildings with systems that use energy from the sun or “energía ambiente” (ambient energy)	Owners, where the town hall’s tax bylaw provides it	Up to 50% of the yearly property tax (IBI), as the bylaw sets	The town hall, if its tax bylaw provides it	Set by each municipal bylaw	Local Finance Act, article 74
Building works tax discount (bonificación del ICIO)	Works that install solar or ambient energy systems	Whoever pays for the works, where the town hall’s tax bylaw provides it	Up to 95% of the tax on the works (ICIO), as the bylaw sets	The town hall, if its tax bylaw provides it	Set by each municipal bylaw	Local Finance Act, article 103

Why the dates looked confused this year. A first extension of the 20% and 40% deductions, in Royal Decree-law 16/2025, was repealed by the Congress on 27 January 2026. Royal Decree-law 7/2026 (BOE of 21 March 2026) extended them again, and the Congress validated it on 26 March 2026.
What does not count. The cost of equipment that burns fossil fuels is excluded from the efficiency deductions, payments in cash do not count, and any public grant is subtracted from the amount you can deduct. The self-consumption deduction cannot be combined with the efficiency deductions for the same system in the same property.
Regional and local aid depends on where you live. Each autonomous community and town hall runs its own programmes and tax discounts; the IDAE keeps a catalogue of state, regional and local energy aid that you can filter by region.

United Kingdom

Scheme	What it pays for	Who can get it	How much	How to apply	Until	Official page
Boiler Upgrade Scheme (England and Wales)	Replacing oil, gas, electric or LPG heating with a heat pump or a biomass boiler	Owners of the property, including landlords and second homes; not social housing or most new builds	£7,500 for an air source or ground source (also water source) heat pump; £2,500 for an air-to-air heat pump; £5,000 for a biomass boiler (only for rural homes off the gas grid); plus £1,500 for an air or ground source heat pump in a home heated by oil or LPG with no mains gas. No grant for hybrid systems (heat pump plus gas boiler)	An MCS-certified installer applies to Ofgem for you and takes the grant off the price; the heat pump must be installed within 120 days of the application	No end date set; the £1,500 top-up until March 2027	gov.uk
Warm Homes: Local Grant (England)	Free insulation, air source heat pumps, smart controls and solar panels, arranged and paid by the council	Privately owned homes (owner or private tenant) with an EPC rating of D to G; household income usually £36,000 a year or less, or certain postcodes or benefits	The council pays for the agreed work; no maximum on the page; a landlord may have to pay part	Online on gov.uk or by the helpline (0800 098 7950); the council usually contacts you within 10 working days to arrange a home survey	No end date set	gov.uk
Warm Homes Loan Scheme (whole UK)	Loans from participating lenders for solar panels, batteries, heat pumps, biomass boilers and heat network connections	Owners of a home in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland, with or without a mortgage, who pass the lender’s credit checks; an MCS-certified installer (any installer for heat network connections), no DIY	Up to £15,000 for solar, £15,000 for a battery, £20,000 for an air-water heat pump, £35,000 for a ground source heat pump; up to 5 percentage points below ordinary loans, some interest-free	Apply to a participating lender, directly, through an installer or retailer, or through your mortgage provider, not to the government	Launched October 2026, no end date set	gov.uk, factsheet
ECO4 (Energy Company Obligation, Great Britain)	Insulation or heating upgrades funded by medium and large energy suppliers	Low-income, fuel-poor and vulnerable households; you must own the home or have the landlord’s permission	No fixed amount: the supplier funds the measures; being eligible does not oblige a supplier to install	Contact any obligated energy supplier, even if it is not yours; councils can also refer residents (ECO Flex)	31 December 2026 (after a nine-month extension)	Ofgem, homeowners and tenants
Great British Insulation Scheme	Free or cheaper insulation through energy suppliers	Nobody now: installations had to be finished by 31 March 2026, when the scheme ended	n/a	n/a	Closed: ended on 31 March 2026; for insulation now, see ECO4 and the Warm Homes: Local Grant	gov.uk
Home Energy Scotland Grant and Loan (Scotland)	Heat pumps and energy efficiency work such as insulation	Owners of an existing home in Scotland that is their only or main residence	Heat pump: grant up to £7,500 plus an optional interest-free loan up to £7,500. Efficiency: grant up to 75% of the cost, at most £7,500. Rural and island homes: £1,500 more on each grant. Loan fee 1.5%, at most £150. Hybrid, air-to-air and exhaust air heat pumps get nothing; a heat pump that replaces another heat pump gets only the loan	Call Home Energy Scotland on 0808 808 2282; an advisor checks eligibility and sends the application link, usually within two working days; an EPC is needed for efficiency work, not for a heat pump	No end date set; first come, first served, until funds run out or the financial year ends; offers valid nine months	Home Energy Scotland
Nest (Wales)	Free advice and home improvements such as heat pumps, insulation or solar panels; boiler or storage heater repair or replacement for homes with no heating	Households in Wales that pass the eligibility check	Free	Eligibility check online or on 0808 808 2244	No end date set	gov.wales
Zero VAT on energy-saving materials (UK)	Installing solar panels, insulation, air, ground and water source heat pumps and batteries in a home	Anyone	0% VAT instead of 5%	Nothing to file: the installer charges 0% on the bill	31 March 2027; 5% from 1 April 2027	HMRC VAT Notice 708/6
Smart Export Guarantee (Great Britain)	Payment for the electricity you send to the grid from solar panels, wind, hydro, micro-CHP or anaerobic digestion	Installations in Great Britain up to 5 MW (micro-CHP up to 50 kW)	Rate set by each supplier, always above zero	Choose any supplier that offers a SEG tariff; payments use export meter readings	No end date set	Ofgem

The Budget of 28 October 2026 keeps Boiler Upgrade Scheme funding at £400 million in 2027-28, rising broadly with inflation, takes £1 billion of capital grant out of the Warm Homes Plan, and confirms that zero VAT on energy-saving materials ends as planned on 31 March 2027 (heat batteries join the 5% rate from 1 April 2027). For bills, not equipment, it gives a £100 Household Energy Payment from January 2027 to homes in council tax bands A to D in England, and extends the VAT cut on household electricity to July 2027.
The Warm Homes Plan (21 January 2026) says the Boiler Upgrade Scheme will also give £2,500 for heat batteries; the gov.uk grant page did not list them on 31 October 2026. Northern Ireland’s Boiler Replacement Scheme is closed (gov.uk).
Not an incentive: since 27 August 2026 plug-in solar kits are legal in Great Britain under SI 2026/848, up to 800 watts of AC output through a standard plug, and only if the device complies with the Plug-in Solar Device Interim Product Specification. Before buying, check whether you need permission from a landlord or freeholder, planning permission or listed building consent (gov.uk announcement).
Checked on 31 October 2026. Schemes and amounts can change; check the official page before you sign a quote.

Ireland

Scheme	What it pays for	Who can get it	How much	How to apply	Until	Official page
Heat pump system grant (SEAI)	A heat pump that replaces the current heating (air to water, ground to water, exhaust air to water, water to water, air to air)	Owner occupiers, landlords, holiday homes, owner management companies, approved housing bodies; home with an MPRN, built and occupied before 2021	Up to €10,500 for the heat pump, plus up to €2,000 for radiators or underfloor heating where needed, plus a €2,000 boiler scrappage grant when an oil or gas boiler, electric storage or solid fuel system is removed; up to €14,500 in all	Apply to SEAI; approval must be in place before work starts	No end date set	SEAI heat pump system grant
Solar electricity grant (SEAI)	Solar panels	All homeowners, including private landlords; home with an MPRN, built and occupied before 2025, no earlier solar grant at that MPRN	€700 per kWp up to 2 kWp, €200 for each further kWp up to 4 kWp, at most €1,800	Apply to SEAI before work starts; finish within 8 months of approval	No end date set	SEAI solar electricity grant
Battery energy storage system grant (SEAI)	A home battery of 5 kWh or more, alone or with solar panels	All homeowners, including private landlords; home with an MPRN, built and occupied before 2025	€600 flat rate	Apply to SEAI before work starts	No end date set	SEAI battery grant
Other individual energy grants (SEAI)	Attic insulation, wall insulation, windows and doors, heating controls, solar water heating	Homeowners (conditions on each grant page)	Up to €2,000 attic (€2,500 for first-time buyers and some welfare recipients), €8,000 walls, €4,000 windows, €1,600 doors, €700 heating controls, €1,200 solar water heating	Apply to SEAI before work starts	No end date set	SEAI individual energy grants

On 29 September 2026 the government announced the €2,000 boiler scrappage grant, effective immediately for eligible applicants, and the €600 battery grant, among measures effective from 6 October 2026 (Department of Climate, Energy and the Environment; SEAI). The same announcement says that from 6 October 2026 the free Warmer Homes Scheme offers solar panels (up to 4 kWp) and a 5 kWh battery as standard, and up to €9,000 for solar and a battery to people on certain Department of Social Protection payments.
Payment for exported solar electricity (the Clean Export Guarantee) is set by each supplier; it was not checked on an official page today and is left out of the table.
Checked on 31 October 2026 (SEAI grant pages, read in a browser, and the government announcement). Grants and amounts can change; check the SEAI page before you sign a quote.

United States

Scheme	What it pays for	Who can get it	How much	How to apply	Until	Official page
Residential Clean Energy Credit (federal tax credit, section 25D)	Solar panels, solar water heaters, wind turbines, geothermal heat pumps, fuel cells, batteries of at least 3 kWh	Taxpayers who installed the equipment in a US home they live in, owned or rented (a second home too, if not rented out); not landlords	30% of the cost	Form 5695 with the tax return for the year of installation	Closed: not available for property placed in service after 31 December 2025	IRS
Energy Efficient Home Improvement Credit (federal tax credit, section 25C)	Heat pumps, water heaters, biomass stoves and boilers, and other energy efficient improvements	Taxpayers who improved an existing US home that is their main home; not landlords, not new homes	30%, up to $3,200 a year: at most $2,000 for heat pumps, water heaters, biomass stoves or boilers and $1,200 for the rest	Form 5695 with the tax return for the year of installation	Closed: not available for property placed in service after 31 December 2025	IRS
Home Energy Rebates: HOMES and HEEHR (federal money, run by each state)	HOMES: whole-home upgrades that cut modeled energy use by at least 20%. HEEHR: point-of-sale rebates for electric heating and cooling, insulation, air sealing, wiring and panel upgrades, efficient appliances	Set by your state or territory energy office; HOMES is open to all income levels	HOMES up to $8,000, and states may give more to households below 80% of area median income; HEEHR up to $14,000	Through your state or territory energy office	Depends on your state; the Department of Energy says the rebates are “now available in select states”	US Department of Energy
State, local and utility programs	Rebates, tax credits, loans and export rules that differ by state and utility	Depends on the program	Depends on the program	Search DSIRE by ZIP code, then follow the program’s own rules	Depends on the program	DSIRE

The two federal tax credits are closed for new installations. Equipment installed in 2025 is claimed on the 2025 tax return with Form 5695; the IRS says the 25D credit is claimed “for the tax year when the property is installed, not merely purchased”, and any unused 25D credit can be carried forward to later years.
DSIRE, run by the N.C. Clean Energy Technology Center at N.C. State University, lists state and federal incentives; the Department of Energy page sends readers to their state or territory energy office for the rebates.
Checked on 31 October 2026. Programs can change or run out of money; check the official page before you sign a quote.

Australia

Scheme	What it pays for	Who can get it	How much	How to apply	Until	Official page
Cheaper Home Batteries Program	A discount on installing a solar battery, with new or existing solar panels	Households and businesses; battery 5 to 100 kWh, on the Clean Energy Council approved list, able to join a virtual power plant if grid-connected, installed by an installer accredited by Solar Accreditation Australia with battery endorsement	Paid as small-scale technology certificates (STCs): 6.8 per kWh of usable capacity from May to December 2026, full rate up to 14 kWh, 60% from 14 to 28 kWh, 15% from 28 to 50 kWh, nothing above 50 kWh. The Regulator says the factor is set for “around a 30% discount” on the upfront cost	Most owners assign the certificates to the retailer or a registered agent and get the discount on the price; only one battery per premises gets certificates, so choose the size once	The factor steps down on fixed dates: from 1 May 2026, then every six months from January 2027, to 2.1 for July to December 2030 (last period in the Regulator’s table)	Clean Energy Regulator
Small-scale Renewable Energy Scheme (STCs for solar)	Rooftop solar panels, solar water heaters, air source heat pump water heaters	Households and businesses; panels and inverter on the Clean Energy Council approved list, installed by an accredited installer	Certificates usually sell for A$33 to A$38 each	Give the certificates to the installer or an agent for an upfront discount, or create them yourself within 12 months of installation	Until the scheme ends in 2030 (scheme page)	Clean Energy Regulator

The battery discount shrinks on fixed dates: the Regulator’s table gives 8.4 STCs per kWh for January to April 2026, 6.8 from May 2026, 5.7 from January 2027 and 5.2 from July 2027, down to 2.1 in the second half of 2030. A battery that gets the discount must stay at the property until the end of 2030 or the end of its warranty, whichever is later.
States add their own help: Solar Victoria lists a hot water rebate of up to $1,000 ($1,400 for a locally made product) and a solar panel rebate, both with a $150,000 combined household income cap from 1 July 2026; the state announced on 17 October 2026 that household solar support moves to the Victorian Energy Upgrades program from 1 July 2027. NSW lists battery and virtual power plant incentives.
Checked on 31 October 2026. Amounts in Australian dollars, as the sources give them; schemes can change, so check the official page before you sign a quote.

What should you check before you sign?

Open the official page for your scheme from the tables above and look at its date; the rules for the year you pay are the ones that count.
Check whether you must apply before the work starts. KfW 458, the Irish SEAI grants and MaPrimeRénov’ rénovation d’ampleur (after a France Rénov’ appointment) need the application first; for MaPrimeRénov’ par geste, work may start only after the Anah acknowledgement of the online request; a CEE Coup de pouce offer must be accepted before you sign the quote; the Reddito energetico must be requested before the solar system goes into service. The Conto Termico 3.0 is requested after the work, within 90 days.
Ask whether two schemes can be combined. Some cannot: § 35c in Germany excludes work with a public grant, the Reddito energetico in Italy excludes other public incentives, and in Spain grants are subtracted from what you can deduct.
Get at least three written quotes that state which incentive the price assumes and who files the paperwork (ENEA, GSE, KfW, Anah, Ofgem through the installer, SEAI, the Clean Energy Regulator or the tax return).
Be careful with cold calls and doorstep offers. Service-Public warns about offers by email, phone or letter and writes that the public service “never” does commercial canvassing; start from the official adviser network instead.

This page explains how it works and what to ask; it is not financial advice or a design. Electrical work and paperwork are for a qualified installer or advisor.

Where to go next

Is a heat pump worth it compared with a gas boiler? shows when the running costs favour a heat pump in each country.
My gas boiler is old: new boiler, hybrid or heat pump? compares the three choices and the rules on fossil-fuel boilers.
How to read your electricity bill helps you find the price per kWh you really pay.
The energy community glossary entry explains how neighbours share locally produced electricity.

Common questions

Is the 40% grant for energy communities still available in 2026?

Not for new projects. In Italy the PNRR grant of up to 40% of eligible costs, for plants in municipalities under 50,000 inhabitants, took requests until 30 November 2025; the projects that get a concession agreement must be running by 31 December 2027. The 20-year premium on shared energy is still open: requests are accepted until 30 days after 5 GW of incentivised power is reached, and no later than 31 December 2027.

Does the Conto Termico 3.0 pay for solar panels in a private home?

No, according to the GSE's own pages. Private households in residential buildings can get the Conto Termico 3.0 only for Title III works, such as heat pumps, hybrid systems, biomass heaters, solar thermal panels and heat pump water heaters. Solar panels and batteries installed together with a heat pump are a Title II work, which private owners can get only in tertiary (non-residential) buildings.

How long will the KfW heat pump grant last?

KfW sets no end date for grant 458, but it depends on the money in the federal budget and it is shrinking on a schedule. From 1 February 2027 the cost cap for the first home falls by 750 euro, and the speed bonus by 4 percentage points, every six months; applications from 1 August 2028 get no speed bonus. You must apply before the work starts.

How much is MaPrimeRénov' for a heat pump?

For a single job in mainland France, an air-to-water heat pump gets 5,000, 4,000 or 3,000 euro, depending on whether your household income counts as very modest, modest or intermediate, on up to 12,000 euro of cost. Households with higher incomes get nothing for a single job. In a larger renovation that gains at least two energy classes, the grant is instead a share of the whole cost.

Are there grants for solar panels in Spain in 2026?

The national programme run by the regions under Royal Decree 477/2021 closed on 31 December 2023. For 2026 there is a new income tax deduction: 10% of what you pay for a renewable self-consumption system, batteries included, or 20% for homes in mainly residential buildings, on up to 5,000 euro, if the system is installed, finished and paid for in 2026. Regions and town halls may add their own grants and local tax discounts.

Topics: incentives, heat pumps, solar panels, home batteries, tax deductions, grants